Kasus perusahaan terbaru tentang Guangzhou Cleanroom Construction Co., Ltd. sertifikasi

With the rapid development of life sciences, laboratory animal centers have become key platforms for basic research and the translation of scientific achievements. The construction quality of these centers directly impacts the accuracy and reliability of research results. The implementation of the GB 14925-2023 Laboratory Animal Environment and Facilities national standard in June 2024 marks a shift in laboratory animal center construction from "compliance-based" to "performance-based." This article, combining the latest national standards and industry practices, systematically outlines the core points for the construction of laboratory animal centers, providing technical reference for facility planning.

1. Current National Standards System

The construction of laboratory animal centers involves multiple national standards, and accurately understanding and adhering to these norms is the foundation of project success.

• GB 14925-2023 Laboratory Animal Environment and Facilities: This standard, which officially takes effect on June 1, 2024, is currently the most crucial mandatory national standard. It defines the classification of laboratory animal environments, environmental indicators, facility layout, waste disposal, and inspection requirements. It is applicable to the design, construction, and management of laboratory animal production and experimental facilities.

• GB 50447-2008 Laboratory Animal Facility Architectural Technical Code: As the current building technical code, it details the technical specifications for the classification of laboratory animal facilities, building structure requirements, HVAC system design, water supply, drainage, and electrical/fire safety configurations. Articles 4.2.11, 4.3.18, and 6.1.3 are mandatory and cover critical content such as negative pressure barrier environments, waste treatment, and pest control measures.

Additionally, in September 2025, the "Laboratory Animal Center Process Design Code" was approved for development as a group standard, led by the Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. This standard aims to address bottlenecks in the domestic laboratory animal center construction process.

2. Site Selection and Overall Layout

Site selection and overall layout are crucial decisions made at the early stages of construction, directly affecting operational efficiency and research quality.

• Site Selection Requirements: Laboratory animal facilities should avoid sources of pollution, noise, and vibration, and maintain a reasonable protective distance from surrounding environments. Additionally, accessibility for transportation should be considered to facilitate the movement of animals and materials.

• Functional Zoning: According to GB 50447, laboratory animal facilities can be divided into production areas, experimental areas, and auxiliary areas. Production (or experimental) areas should be clearly separated from auxiliary areas to prevent cross-contamination. Barrier environments should not contain restrooms, staircases, or elevators within the purification zones to reduce the risk of contamination.

• Entrance and Exit Settings: The main building should have at least two entrances, with separate paths for personnel, clean items, and contaminated materials, ensuring clear separation of human, material, and animal flows to minimize cross-contamination risks.

3. Building Layout and Process Flow Design

The primary goal of building layout is to avoid cross-contamination while ensuring animal welfare and the accuracy of experimental data.

• Corridor Layout: Common layouts include single-corridor, double-corridor, and multi-corridor configurations, with the double-corridor layout being the optimal choice. Separating clean and dirty corridors effectively prevents cross-contamination. A typical flow design might look like this:

  • Personnel Flow: Changing room → Clean corridor → Animal laboratory → Dirty corridor → Shower (if necessary) → Changing room

  • Item Flow: Cleaning and disinfection → Autoclave → Clean item storage → Clean corridor → Animal laboratory → Dirty corridor → Waste sterilization → Waste temporary storage

  • Animal Flow: Animal reception → Transfer window → Clean corridor → Animal laboratory → Dirty corridor → Necropsy room → Waste sterilization → Carcass temporary storage

• Separate Animal Housing by Level: Animals of different cleanliness levels (clean, SPF, and germ-free) should be housed in separate rooms or areas. Animals with different living conditions (such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity) should be housed separately. Noisy animals (such as dogs and chickens) should be housed away from noise-sensitive animals (such as mice and rabbits).

• Negative Pressure Barrier Environment Requirements: Negative pressure barrier facilities should be equipped with waste sterilization systems to ensure that waste, cages, and animal carcasses are sterilized before being transported out of the experimental area. Facilities involved in infectious experiments must meet the standards for Biosafety Level 2 (BSL-2) laboratories and be equipped with negative pressure control systems.

4. Key Environmental Control Technical Indicators

The environmental control of laboratory animal facilities directly affects the health of animals and the accuracy of experimental data.

• Temperature, Humidity, and Pressure Difference: According to GB 14925-2023, different levels of laboratory animal facilities have specific environmental requirements. Barrier environment facilities generally require a temperature of 20-26°C, with a daily temperature difference not exceeding 4°C, and relative humidity between 40-70%. The pressure difference between clean and non-clean areas should not be less than 10 Pa.

• Air Purification: The clean area of barrier environment facilities should meet the ISO 7 (Class 10,000) cleanliness standard. The air supply system should include primary, medium, and high-efficiency filters, with high-efficiency filters placed at the end of the air supply. The exhaust system should be independently designed to prevent the backflow of contaminated air.

• Ventilation System Safety Design: The electric heater in the air conditioning system should be linked with the fan, and both should be equipped with protection and alarm devices for wind interruption and overheating. The ducts and insulation materials around the electric heater should be made of non-combustible materials.

5. Water Supply, Drainage, and Electrical Fire Safety Configuration

• Water Supply and Drainage: Water used in barrier environment facilities should meet sterility requirements, typically using pure or reverse osmosis water. The drainage system should include water traps and air breaks to prevent the backflow of contaminated air.

• Electrical Configuration: Barrier environment facilities should be equipped with backup power to ensure that critical systems, such as ventilation and access control, continue to function during power outages. Lighting design must consider animal welfare, controlling light intensity and cycles to avoid interference with animal physiological rhythms.

• Fire Safety Configuration: Automatic sprinkler systems should not be used in clean areas of barrier environment facilities. Alternative fire suppression methods, such as gas-based extinguishers, should be employed. Fire emergency lighting and evacuation signs should be powered by backup batteries, providing a minimum of 20 minutes of continuous power.

6. Trend Toward Intelligent Management

Laboratory animal centers are transitioning from traditional management to intelligent management. Experts recommend promoting modular intelligent laboratory animal room solutions by 2025, adopting product-based construction, prefabricated installation, and smart applications. Through technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and artificial intelligence, these systems can achieve comprehensive, intelligent management of laboratory personnel, animals, and tasks.

Information management systems can electronically record the entire lifecycle of laboratory animals, integrate personnel access and qualification data, and offer online reservation for cage resources, significantly improving management efficiency and resource utilization. Some universities have established animal behavior analysis and in vivo imaging labs, forming a comprehensive research support system spanning molecular, cellular, and whole-animal levels.

Conclusion

The construction of laboratory animal centers is a complex, multidisciplinary engineering project that involves architecture, HVAC, electrical systems, water supply, drainage, and automation. With the implementation of the GB 14925-2023 new standard, facility construction should follow the principles of "process priority, reasonable flow, controlled environment, and efficient operation," while fully considering future operational and management needs from the design phase. As modular construction and intelligent management systems mature, laboratory animal center construction will move toward shorter construction cycles, better-controlled quality, and more efficient operations.